. . "5.0" . "140.0" . "10.0" . . . . . . "F2F" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "6.0" . "3.0" . "Both hazard types and frequency, as well as built-up areas and cities are dynamically changing, resulting from climate and global changes. In April 2024, displacing 600.000 people in Brazil due to floods, having hottest day records already in Europe and in Asia are clear examples to the shifting hazard patterns. In such dynamic environments, the interdependency among the risk components amplifies the impact of disasters. In such an environment, disaster risk is constantly changing, and there is a definite limit to our capacity to foresee the failures resulting from unexpected interactions between interdependent components. Indeed, the intensity and extent of the challenges make clear that achieving resilient cities is everybody’s business. Scientists, stakeholders and citizens are faced with the challenge to adapt their disaster risk reduction plans but lack the understanding and tools to account for the cross-sectoral impacts and dynamic nature of the risks involved. In this course, we follow the socio-technical approach in complex city systems and investigate the ways to contribute to cities’ resilience. The main problem in disaster risk management is providing static measures to a dynamically changing system. In this course you will learn looking at the nature of risk as a 'dynamic' concept rather than a static one. You will focus on multi-hazard risk assessment and dynamic risk reduction measures on various sectors."@en . "Planning for Resilient Cities"@en . . "Planning for Resilient Cities"@en . "Planning for Resilient Cities"@en . . "2.5" . "70.0" . "5.0" . . . . . "blended" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "None"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "2.0" . "2.0" . "The management of space is one of the big challenges that human societies have to deal with. Competing claims over the use of finite resources have pushed human societies to develop institutions, technologies and paradigms that help manage these competing usages. Challenges like increasing urbanization, the depletion of land and other natural resources, and climate change make this management of space ever more urgent.\nThe governance of land and urban development is essential when considering development approaches to support sustainable futures. As a concept, governance encapsules (1) Multi level co-ordination and multi-faceted problems; (2) Multi actor networks, and (3) Multi-instrumental steering mechanisms. This implies that an understanding of problems, actors and steering mechanisms involved in the governance of land and urban development is necessarily focused on the context in which a certain problem is placed and how it can be addressed by the governance settings available.\nIn this course we focus on key concepts of land and urban governance. The aim is for the student to gain a background in (challenges of) governance of land and urban development, that will influence how individuals, organizations and institutions work towards land and urban futures. An additional challenge in the course is inviting the students to reflect, discuss and imagine different land and urban futures. "@en . "Land and Urban Futures"@en . . "Land and Urban Futures"@en . "Land and Urban Futures"@en . . "2.5" . "70.0" . "5.0" . . . . . . "blended" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Foundation courses M-Geo"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "4.0" . "2.0" . "The concept of (public) participation in geospatial research has a long tradition. However, the adoption of Web 2.0 technologies facilitates the generation and sharing of and collaboration on digital content with a geospatial component, and has therefore expanded possibilities and practice. This course gives an overview of its history and new developments, on examples of successful and unsuccessful projects to identify criteria for sustainable crowdsourcing or volunteering, including issues of privacy and ethical research. It is particularly relevant for eliciting and arguing the needs, interests, and positions of any stakeholder that incorporates or directly works with the public. A main focus lies on the technologies that enable new forms of participatory sensing, and techniques to assess and improve the quality of such data. "@en . "Volunteered Geographic Information and Geo Citizen Science"@en . . "Volunteered Geographic Information and Geo Citizen Science"@en . "Volunteered Geographic Information and Geo Citizen Science"@en . . . . . . . "Scenario Development"@en . "Planning for Resilient Cities: LU9"@en . . . . . . . "Spatial Planning"@en . "Land and Urban Futures: LU2"@en . . . . . . "Scenario development"@en . "Planning for Resilient Cities: LU5"@en . . . . . . . "Scenario development"@en . "Planning for Resilient Cities: LU8"@en . . . . . . "Scenario development"@en . "Planning for Resilient Cities: LU4"@en . . . . . . "Prepare Term project"@en . "Volunteered Geographic Information and Geo Citizen Science: LU9"@en . . . . "MGEO 5.0 BoK"@en . . "project"@e